Generally, porcelain tile is harder than ceramic with greater design flexibility. It is made from clay and other naturally occurring materials fired in a kiln, refined and purified clay is used to make porcelain tile, which has a dense body whose main characteristic is low porosity; this provides the high level of strength and produces very high technical characteristic
Typical porcelain tiles are pressed into a specific shape, following milling, mixing and spray drying operations. The tile body is then pressed at the pressure of 4000 kg/ cm 2. The firing process reaches the temperature of 1200 C.
Porcelain Ceramic Installation Systems have technical characteristics that their proper implementation depends on the following parameters
Incoming Load
The first incoming load is the system’s components weight (the weight of the structure, which includes vertical and horizontal metal elements), permanent loads (their own weight of ceramic tiles and sheets), and random loads (wind and displacement of the building structure)
Displacement and Deformation
By wind pressure, structural loads, earthquakes and earth vibrations, and thermal expansion.
Thermal Expansion
In the modern buildings, where indoor temperature remains constant, outdoor temperature fluctuations can be up to 50 ° C (this is the main reason why the outer cover should not stick to the walls)
Sealing and Repelling Moisture Shrinkage
By discharging the dry ceramic specimen, it is repaired by creating open seams of water collected behind the main coating. This is because of its natural ventilation and chromatically properties, which makes the system more useful than the system in which the seams are filled.
Thermal Insulation
In conducting a dry ceramic appearance, heat transfer is caused by convection flow; convection and radiation; the implementation of a dry ceramic image, such as an umbrella, protects the building against this heat transfer.
Sound Insulation
Sound insulation is directly related to the type of materials used in the building. The insulating panels and their proper installation in absorbing shocks in the reinforcement brackets of the dry ceramic facade improve the sound insulation of the building.
Fire Resistance
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