Curtain wall anchor system
The façade of the building is one of the most prominent executive parts for the construction of a building, which includes several factors such as chic, modernity, comfort, sound and heat insulation and safety, and prevents energy loss in a building. Today, the façade of a building can be implemented based on the type of application, using various methods and materials. Here we want to provide you with information about the curtain wall anchor system and the requirements of the curtain wall system.
Curtain wall has separate frames that are attached directly to it and cover the collection like a curtain on the outside of the building. In a curtain wall, loads due to the weight of the façade, wind and earthquake are transferred directly from the wall to the structural frame.
Curtain wall system
Normally, the distance between the curtain wall and the frame is at least 50 mm. This distance is for matching unpredictable dimensional irregularities in the frame. An example of a curtain wall is an aluminum glass curtain wall. Opaque curtain wall includes prefabricated concrete panels, glass fiber reinforced panels, metal panels and the like. In opaque curtain walls, a retaining wall may be added to allow the interior wall to be join, wall insulation added, electrification, and installation pipes to pass through the wall. Since the curtain wall is directly connected to the frame of the instruments, it transfers the wind load to the frame and consequently to the beams and columns and therefore resists the wind load. In this case, no wind enters the back wall.
Curtain Wall System Requirements
1. The curtain wall system includes prefabricated wall components and various glass wall systems. Prefabricated walls include prefabricated parts (including parts with glued and attached façades), metal cladding insulation panels, integrated curtain wall system, panels with metal frame with attached building parts, reinforced concrete with glass fibers, GF glass fiber, or are a stone façade. Curtain wall systems are sensitive to acceleration and deformation and may be displaced by direct acceleration or failure of joints due to relative displacement (drift).
2. The curtain façade must be properly attached to the frame of the instrument and a flexible seal must be placed at the junction of the parts; In such a way that the façade is not damaged in the reciprocating movements of the structure.
3. Each panel must have at least 4 anchors for each piece. Due to the considerations of thermal displacement and shrinkage, the connection system of the covering panels is generally limited (does not have a high degree of uncertainty). Therefore, failure of a connection can lead to instability of the panel and its fall from the building. Because the weight of the panels is sometimes very high, the consequences of anchor failure can be very bad. Therefore, the joints of prefabricated panels should not be reduced to withstand floor drift and also to withstand intensified earthquakes according to the 2800 standard to ensure that they are not damaged.
Install Curtain Wall
4. For precast concrete components, the joints must be designed to be ductile. The connection body should be made of steel sheets or profiles and designed for 1.33 times the panel shell design force.
5. Joints that may exhibit brittle behavior, such as welds, screws, and items buried in concrete, such as anchors, should be designed for 4 times the design force of the panel.
6. For panel façade systems, the panels must be designed in such a way that the floor drift in the frame takes place without interference. Components running between two floors must allow for relative displacement by relying on sliding or bending joints or by a rocking mechanism. Sliding joints can have bolt-shaped details that can slip into the bean hole. The length of the bean hole should be equal to twice the expected floor drift plus the screw diameter 22 of the structural design instructions and the requirements and rules of operation and execution of the exterior of the buildings plus the distance required for executive tolerances. To ensure efficiency, the screw must be located in the center of the groove, because if the screw reaches the end of the groove during an earthquake, a lot of shear forces will be created in it.
7. Façade components in curtain wall systems that have a unit weight of more than 40 kg must have mechanical restraint to the outer wall frame at intervals of less than or equal to 1.2 meters.
8. The design and location of the joints must be such that the behavior of the part is flexural. Joints using resilient rods may be damaged by fatigue due to inelastic bending.